Future Perfect – Verb Form

This post will show you how to form the Future Perfect. To see how to use the Future Perfect, click here.

 

Affirmative Statements

Subject	Will/Be Going To	Have	Already	Past Participle		Future Time Expression
I	will/am going to	have		had	two children	by the time I am 30.
You	will/are going to	have	already	made	dinner	when I get home.
She/He/It	will/is going to	have		seen	most of Asia	in five years’ time.
We	will/are going to	have	already	finished	our homework	by dinner time.
They/You (plural)	will/are going to	have		saved	enough money for a new car	by next June.

 

 

Negative Statements

We don’t usually contract will not to won’t, you should use the full form with this verb tense.

Future Time Expression	Subject	Still	Will Not/Be Not Going To	Have	Past Participle
By the time I am 30,	I		will not/am not going to	have	had	any children.
When I get home,	you		will not/are not going to	have	made	dinner.
In five years’ time	she/he/it	still	will not/is not going to	have	seen	most of Asia
By dinner time,	we	still	will not/are not going to	have	finished	our homework.
By next June,	they/you (plural)		will not/are not going to	have	saved	enough money for a new car.

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Information Questions

Wh- word	Will	Subject	Have	Past Participle	Future Time Expression
What	will	I	have	accomplished	in three years’ time?
Who	will	you	have	worked	with?
Where	will	she/he/it	have	traveled	by next year?
When	will	we	have	talked?
How	will	we	have	done

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Yes/No Questions

Will	Subject	Have	Past Participle		Future Time Expression
Will	I	have	done	my homework	by the time he comes?
Will	you	have	perfected	your English	by the time you return from Vancouver?
Will	she/he/it	have	bought	a new house	in five years’ time?
Will	we	have	seen	everything	before we leave?

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Short Answers

Yes	Subject	Will	Have	No	Subject	Will Not (Won’t)	Have
Yes,	I	will	have.	No,	I	won’t	have.
Yes,	you	will	have.	No,	you	won’t	have.
Yes,	she/he/it	will	have.	No,	he	won’t	have.
Yes,	we	will	have.	No,	we	won’t	have.
Yes,	they	will	have.	No,	they	won’t	have.

 

Future Perfect – Meaning and Use

This post will show you how to use the Future Perfect. To see how to form the Future Perfect, click here.

We use Will or Be Going To to talk about an event that will be completed some time in the future.

A future time expression is usually stated or implied, often with by, and it can go at the beginning or end of the sentence with no difference in meaning.

 

The Future Perfect with will:

• I will have studied hard for the test.
• He’s going to have done the dishes by the time we finish eating.
• Why won’t she have finished the project by next week?
• In ten years, robots will have become more common.
• After a few years in Europe, she will have tried many different foods.
• Will he have learned enough Italian before he moves to Italy?

 

The Future Perfect with be going to:

• I am going to have studied hard for the test.
• By the time we finish eating, he’s going to have done the dishes.
• Why will she have gotten paid earlier than usual?
• By next March, it isn’t going to have warmed up
• Is he going to have bought a new car by the time he graduates?
• She is going to have had that book past its due date if she doesn’t return it tomorrow.

Future Simple – Verb Form

This post will show you how to form the Future Simple. To see how to use the Future Simple, click here.

The FOUR future forms are: Be Going To, Present Progressive (also called the Present Continuous), Will, and the Present Simple.

THE FUTURE WITH BE GOING TO

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Affirmative Statements

Subject	Be	Going To	Base Verb
I	am	going to	help	later.
You	are	going to	work	tomorrow.
She/He/It	is	going to	rain	again.
We	are	going to	have	so much fun!
They/You (plural)	are	going to	send	her a package.

Negative Statements

Subject	Be	Not	Going To	Base Verb
I	am	not	going to	finish	in time.
You	are	not	going to	go	away this weekend.
She/He/It	is	not	going to	see	the doctor.
We	are	not	going to	cook	dinner
They/You (plural)	are	not	going to	buy	a new car.

Yes/No Questions

Be	Subject	Going To	Base Verb
Am	I	going to	be	okay?
Are	you	going to	clean	the house?
Is	she/he/it	going to	study	next semester?
Are	we	going to	stick	to the plan?
Are	they/you (plural)	going to	live	in New Zealand?

Short Answers

Yes	Subject	Be	No	Subject + Be + Not
Yes,	I	am.	No,	I’m not.
Yes,	he	is.	No,	he’s not.
Yes,	they	are.	No,	they’re not.

Information Questions

WH- Word	Be	Subject	Going To	Base Verb
Who	are	you	going to	call	later?
What	is	she	going to	do	tomorrow?
When	are	they	going to	study	at the library?
Who (subject)	is		going to	win	the election?
What (subject)	is		going to	happen	next?

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THE FUTURE WITH THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE

Affirmative Statements

Subject +Be	Verb + ing
I’m	helping	later.
You ‘re	moving	next week.
She’s/He’s/It’s	coming	tomorrow.
We’re	cooking	dinner tonight.
They’re/You’re	changing	schools next month.

Negative Statements

Subject + Be

Not

Verb + ing

I’m

not

leaving

yet.

You’re

not

taking

an exam tomorrow.

She’s/He’s/It’s

not

playing

soccer next Saturday.

We’re

not

staying

with relatives.

They’re/You’re

not

graduating

this semester.

Yes/No Questions

Be	Subject	Verb + ing
Am	I	going	to work tomorrow?
Are	you	moving	to Japan?
Is	she/he/it	going	to Europe next summer?
Are	we	doing	anything for Valentine’s Day?
Are	they/you (plural)	coming	to the party this weekend?

Short Answers

Yes	Subject	Be	No	Subject + Be + Not
Yes,	I	am.	No,	I’m not.
Yes,	he	is.	No,	he’s not.
Yes,	they	are.	No,	they’re not.

Information Questions

WH- Word	Be	Subject	Verb + ing
Who	are	you	calling	later?
What	is	she	doing	tomorrow?
When	are	they	studying	at the library?
Who (subject)	is		going	to head office?
What (subject)	is		happening	next?

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THE FUTURE WITH WILL + BASE VERB

Affirmative Statements

Subject + Will	Adverb	Base Verb
I’ll		study	much harder, I promise.
You’ll		be	cold without a jacket.
She’ll/He’ll/It’ll	most likely	have	a good time at the party.
We’ll	hopefully	see	piranhas in the Amazon.
They’ll/You’ll (plural)	probably	do	their homework in the morning.

Negative Statements

Subject	Adverb	Will + Not (won’t)	Base Verb
I	probably	won’t	exercise	tomorrow.
You		won’t	be	happy about this.
She/He/It		won’t	spend	the summer in Hollywood.
We	most likely	won’t	live	on Mars in the future.
They/You (plural)	probably	won’t	like	the weather in Wisconsin.

Yes/No Questions

Will	Subject	Base Verb
Will	I	see	you next week?
Will	you	do	me a favor?
Will	she/he/it	finish	this soon?
Will	we	work	full-time?
Will	they/you (plural)	be	on time for class tomorrow?

Short Answers

Yes	Subject	Will	No	Subject + Will + Not
Yes,	I	will.	No,	I won’t.
Yes,	he	will.	No,	he won’t.
Yes,	they	will.	No,	they won’t.

Information Questions

WH- Word	Will	Subject	Base Verb
Who	will	you	call	later?
What	will	she	do	tomorrow?
When	will	they	study	at the library?
Who (subject)	will		go	to head office?
What (subject)	will		happen	next?

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FURURE WITH PRESENT SIMPLE

Affirmative Statements

Subject	Present Simple
I	leave	on a 6:00 am flight.
You	arrive	tomorrow night.
She/He/It	starts	next fall.
We	open	the store at 9:00 am.
They/You (plural)	close	at 5:00 pm.

Negative Statements

Subject	Do Not (don’t), Does Not (doesn’t)	Present Simple
I	don’t	leave	on a 6:00 am flight.
You	don’t	arrive	tomorrow night.
She/He/It	doesn’t	start	next fall.
We	don’t	open	at 9:00 am.
They	don’t	close	at 5:00 pm.

Yes/No Questions

Do/Does	Subject	Present Simple
Do	I	work	early tomorrow?
Do	you	arrive	next week?
Does	she/he/it	start	on time?
Do	we	leave	after breakfast?
Do	they/you (plural)	go	to the airport this Sunday?

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Information Questions

WH- Word	Do/Does	Subject	Base Verb
Who	do	I	call	if I have a problem?
What	does	she	do	to register?
When	do	they	arrive	in Kenya?
Who (subject)			goes	to head office tomorrow?
What (subject)			happens	next?

Future Simple – Verb Meaning and Use

This post will show you how to use the Future Simple. To see how to form the Future Simple, click here.

We use Be Going To and the Present Continuous to talk about a planned event or future intention. A future time expression is usually stated or implied with the Present Continuous in order to avoid confusion.

Future with Be Going To

• I am going to study hard tonight for the test.
• He’s going to do the dishes after dinner.
• Why isn’t she going to work next week?

Future with Present Continuous

• I am studying hard tonight for the test.
• He’s doing the dishes after dinner.
• Why isn’t she working next week?

. Be Going To and the Present Continuous are usually similar, but not exactly the same. With Be Going To the speaker may not have an exact plan. With the Present Continuous, the plan is often more definite. Future with Be Going To

• I’m going to leave my job (someday). I’m so unhappy
• He’s going to buy a new car but he doesn’t know what kind yet.

Future with Present Continuous

• I’m leaving my job (next week). I have been so unhappy here.
• He’s buying a new car tomorrow! He has already chosen it.

. We use Be Going To for predictions, especially when there is evidence that something is just about to happen. Do not use the Present Continuous for predictions. Future predictions with Be Going To

• Be careful! That glass is going to fall!!
• That glass is falling. (incorrect)
• It’s cloudy. It’s going to rain tonight.
• It is raining tonight (incorrect)
• They’re going to win the game tonight. They are the better team.
• They are winning tonight (incorrect)

. Future with Will We use Will or Be Going To to make predictions or expectations. You can also use probably and other adverbs with Will and Be Going To to express certainty or uncertainty. Future with will

• Electric cars will become popular in the next ten years.
• Electric cars are going to become popular in the next ten years.
• They will probably win the championship.
• They are probably going to win the championship.
• It will warm up
• It’s going to warm up

With predictions, the meanings of Will and Be Going To are not exactly the same. Use Be Going To when you are more certain that an event will happen because there is evidence. Do not use Will in this situation. In this situation, Will needs a requirement to be met first.

• She’s going to have a baby. (She is pregnant)
• She will have a baby (If she gets married. She is not pregnant now).
• They are going to win (They are the best team)
• They will win tonight (if they can keep the ball).

. In statements with I, the first person, Will and Be Going To have different meanings. Will is often used to express a quick decision made at the time of speaking. Be Going To, however, shows that you have thought about something in advance. Do not use Be Going To for quick decisions. Will for quick decisions

• A: “Does anyone want to help me?” B: “I will help. What can I do?”
• A: “There’s someone at the door.” B: “I will answer ”
• A: “What would you like to eat today?” B: “I’ll have the soup and salad.”

Be Going To for advanced plans

• A: “What are your plans for the weekend?” B: “I’m going to help my sister move tomorrow.”
• A: “Do we have any alcohol for the party?” B: “Not yet. I’m going to pick it up

. In statements with I, Will is often used to express a promise. Will for promises

• I will do my homework.
• I won’t tell anyone!
• I will be on time.
• I won’t quit school.

. We use the Present Simple for future events, mostly schedules, which are out of our control. Future with Present Simple

• The plane leaves at 9:15 tomorrow.
• School starts at 8am and finishes at 3pm.
• The stores open at 9am everyday.
• He arrives on the 4 o’clock bus next Saturday.
• What time does the movie begin?